幼児トレーニングマネキンのグローバル市場調査 2019年

• 英文タイトル：Global Infant Training Manikins Market Professional Survey Report 2019

• レポートコード：QYR9NV06767 • 出版社/出版日：QYResearch / 2019年11月12日 ※2024年版があります。お問い合わせください。 • レポート形態：英文、PDF、101ページ • 納品方法：Eメール（受注後2-3営業日） • 産業分類：医薬品・ヘルスケア

• 販売価格（消費税別）

Single User	￥525,000 (USD3,500)	▷ お問い合わせ
Enterprise License	￥1,050,000 (USD7,000)	▷ お問い合わせ

• ご注文方法：お問い合わせフォーム記入又はEメールでご連絡ください。
• お支払方法：銀行振込（納品後、ご請求書送付）

---

レポート概要

---

※本調査レポートは、幼児トレーニングマネキンの世界市場概要、製造コスト分析、開発・製造工場分析、主要メーカー分析、地域別分析情報、市場規模予測データ、マーケティングチャネル、流通業者リスト、顧客リストなどが含まれています。種類別には、電子コンソール付き、除細動器付き、その他に、用途別には、病院、診療所、その他にセグメント区分し、幼児トレーニングマネキンの世界市場を分析しました。 ・エグゼクティブ・サマリー ・幼児トレーニングマネキンの世界市場概要 ・幼児トレーニングマネキンの製造コスト構成分析 ・幼児トレーニングマネキンの開発・製造工場分析 ・主要メーカーの主な指標（生産能力、売上、価格分析） ・幼児トレーニングマネキンの地域別分析（生産、売上、主要メーカー、輸出・輸入） （北米、ヨーロッパ、中国、日本国内、東南アジア、インド） ・幼児トレーニングマネキンのセグメント分析（種類別） （電子コンソール付き、除細動器付き、その他） ・幼児トレーニングマネキンのセグメント分析（用途別） （病院、診療所、その他） ・幼児トレーニングマネキンの主要メーカー別分析（生産拠点、製品概要、生産・売上実績） （Ambu Inc、Gaumard Scientific Company Inc.、Laerdal Medical A/S、Laerdal Medical Corporation、Lifesaving Resources Inc.、Medical Education Technologies Inc.、Simulaids Inc.、The Aristotle Corp、） ・幼児トレーニングマネキンの市場規模予測（2019年～2025年） （北米、ヨーロッパ、中国、日本国内、東南アジア、インド） ・マーケティングチャネル・流通業者・顧客 ・市場ダイナミクス（市場動向、機会、成長要因、課題、影響因子） ...

The global Infant Training Manikins market was valued at million US$ in 2018 and will reach million US$ by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of during 2019-2025.
This report focuses on Infant Training Manikins volume and value at global level, regional level and company level. From a global perspective, this report represents overall Infant Training Manikins market size by analyzing historical data and future prospect.
Regionally, this report categorizes the production, apparent consumption, export and import of Infant Training Manikins in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India.
For each manufacturer covered, this report analyzes their Infant Training Manikins manufacturing sites, capacity, production, ex-factory price, revenue and market share in global market.

The following manufacturers are covered:
Ambu Inc
Gaumard Scientific Company Inc.
Laerdal Medical A/S
Laerdal Medical Corporation
Lifesaving Resources Inc.
Medical Education Technologies Inc.
Simulaids Inc.
The Aristotle Corp

Segment by Regions
North America
Europe
China
Japan
Southeast Asia
India

Segment by Type
With Electronic Console
With Defibrillator
Others

Segment by Application
Hospitals
Clinics
Others

レポート目次

---

Table of Contents

Executive Summary
1 Industry Overview of Infant Training Manikins
1.1 Definition of Infant Training Manikins
1.2 Infant Training Manikins Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2014-2025)
1.2.2 With Electronic Console
1.2.3 With Defibrillator
1.2.4 Others
1.3 Infant Training Manikins Segment by Applications
1.3.1 Global Infant Training Manikins Consumption Comparison by Applications (2014-2025)
1.3.2 Hospitals
1.3.3 Clinics
1.3.4 Others
1.4 Global Infant Training Manikins Overall Market
1.4.1 Global Infant Training Manikins Revenue (2014-2025)
1.4.2 Global Infant Training Manikins Production (2014-2025)
1.4.3 North America Infant Training Manikins Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.4 Europe Infant Training Manikins Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.5 China Infant Training Manikins Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.6 Japan Infant Training Manikins Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.7 Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.8 India Infant Training Manikins Status and Prospect (2014-2025)

2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Infant Training Manikins
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Infant Training Manikins
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Infant Training Manikins

3 Development and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Infant Training Manikins
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date
3.2 Global Infant Training Manikins Manufacturing Plants Distribution
3.3 Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position of Infant Training Manikins
3.4 Recent Development and Expansion Plans

4 Key Figures of Major Manufacturers
4.1 Infant Training Manikins Production and Capacity Analysis
4.2 Infant Training Manikins Revenue Analysis
4.3 Infant Training Manikins Price Analysis
4.4 Market Concentration Degree

5 Infant Training Manikins Regional Market Analysis
5.1 Infant Training Manikins Production by Regions
5.1.1 Global Infant Training Manikins Production by Regions
5.1.2 Global Infant Training Manikins Revenue by Regions
5.2 Infant Training Manikins Consumption by Regions
5.3 North America Infant Training Manikins Market Analysis
5.3.1 North America Infant Training Manikins Production
5.3.2 North America Infant Training Manikins Revenue
5.3.3 Key Manufacturers in North America
5.3.4 North America Infant Training Manikins Import and Export
5.4 Europe Infant Training Manikins Market Analysis
5.4.1 Europe Infant Training Manikins Production
5.4.2 Europe Infant Training Manikins Revenue
5.4.3 Key Manufacturers in Europe
5.4.4 Europe Infant Training Manikins Import and Export
5.5 China Infant Training Manikins Market Analysis
5.5.1 China Infant Training Manikins Production
5.5.2 China Infant Training Manikins Revenue
5.5.3 Key Manufacturers in China
5.5.4 China Infant Training Manikins Import and Export
5.6 Japan Infant Training Manikins Market Analysis
5.6.1 Japan Infant Training Manikins Production
5.6.2 Japan Infant Training Manikins Revenue
5.6.3 Key Manufacturers in Japan
5.6.4 Japan Infant Training Manikins Import and Export
5.7 Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Market Analysis
5.7.1 Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Production
5.7.2 Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Revenue
5.7.3 Key Manufacturers in Southeast Asia
5.7.4 Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Import and Export
5.8 India Infant Training Manikins Market Analysis
5.8.1 India Infant Training Manikins Production
5.8.2 India Infant Training Manikins Revenue
5.8.3 Key Manufacturers in India
5.8.4 India Infant Training Manikins Import and Export

6 Infant Training Manikins Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 Global Infant Training Manikins Production by Type
6.2 Global Infant Training Manikins Revenue by Type
6.3 Infant Training Manikins Price by Type

7 Infant Training Manikins Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 Global Infant Training Manikins Consumption by Application
7.2 Global Infant Training Manikins Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019)

8 Infant Training Manikins Major Manufacturers Analysis
8.1 Ambu Inc
8.1.1 Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
8.1.2 Ambu Inc Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.1.3 Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.1.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.2 Gaumard Scientific Company Inc.
8.2.1 Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
8.2.2 Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.2.3 Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.2.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.3 Laerdal Medical A/S
8.3.1 Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
8.3.2 Laerdal Medical A/S Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.3.3 Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.3.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.4 Laerdal Medical Corporation
8.4.1 Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
8.4.2 Laerdal Medical Corporation Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.4.3 Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.4.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.5 Lifesaving Resources Inc.
8.5.1 Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
8.5.2 Lifesaving Resources Inc. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.5.3 Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.5.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.6 Medical Education Technologies Inc.
8.6.1 Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
8.6.2 Medical Education Technologies Inc. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.6.3 Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.6.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.7 Simulaids Inc.
8.7.1 Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
8.7.2 Simulaids Inc. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.7.3 Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.7.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.8 The Aristotle Corp
8.8.1 The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
8.8.2 The Aristotle Corp Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.8.3 The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.8.4 Main Business and Markets Served

9 Development Trend of Analysis of Infant Training Manikins Market
9.1 Global Infant Training Manikins Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 Global Infant Training Manikins Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2 Infant Training Manikins Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 North America Infant Training Manikins Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.2 Europe Infant Training Manikins Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.3 China Infant Training Manikins Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.4 Japan Infant Training Manikins Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.5 Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.6 India Infant Training Manikins Forecast 2019-2025
9.3 Infant Training Manikins Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 Infant Training Manikins Market Trend (Application)

10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.3 Infant Training Manikins Customers

11 Market Dynamics
11.1 Market Trends
11.2 Opportunities
11.3 Market Drivers
11.4 Challenges
11.5 Influence Factors

12 Conclusion
13 Appendix
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Author List
13.4 Disclaimer

List of Tables and Figures
Figure Picture of Infant Training Manikins
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units) Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2014-2025)
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share by Types in 2018
Figure With Electronic Console Product Picture
Figure With Defibrillator Product Picture
Figure Others Product Picture
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Consumption (K Units) Comparison by Applications (2014-2025)
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Consumption Market Share by Applications in 2018
Figure Hospitals
Figure Clinics
Figure Others
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Revenue (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units) (2014-2025)
Figure North America Infant Training Manikins Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Europe Infant Training Manikins Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure China Infant Training Manikins Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Japan Infant Training Manikins Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Figure India Infant Training Manikins Market Size (Million USD) (2014-2025)
Table Infant Training Manikins Raw Material and Suppliers
Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Infant Training Manikins in 2018
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Infant Training Manikins
Figure Industry Chain Structure of Infant Training Manikins
Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Key Manufacturers
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Manufacturing Plants Distribution
Table Infant Training Manikins Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position
Table Recent Development and Expansion Plans in Future
Table Infant Training Manikins Capacity (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Infant Training Manikins Production Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Infant Training Manikins Revenue (Million US$) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Figure Infant Training Manikins Revenue Share by Manufacturers in 2018
Table Infant Training Manikins Average Price (USD/Unit) of Major Manufacturers (2014-2019)
Table Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Production by Regions 2014-2019 (K Units)
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share by Regions in 2018
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Revenue by Regions 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2018
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Consumption by Regions 2014-2019 (K Units)
Table Global Infant Training Manikins Consumption Market Share by Regions 2014-2019
Figure North America Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure North America Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table North America Infant Training Manikins Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Europe Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Europe Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Europe Infant Training Manikins Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure China Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure China Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table China Infant Training Manikins Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Japan Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Japan Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Japan Infant Training Manikins Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure India Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate 2014-2019 (K Units)
Figure India Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million USD)
Table India Infant Training Manikins Production, Consumption Import and Export (K Units)
Figure Global Consumption Infant Training Manikins Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Figure Global Value (Consumption) Infant Training Manikins Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
Table Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
Table Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Ambu Inc Infant Training Manikins Main Business and Markets Served
Table Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
Table Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Gaumard Scientific Company Inc. Infant Training Manikins Main Business and Markets Served
Table Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
Table Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Laerdal Medical A/S Infant Training Manikins Main Business and Markets Served
Table Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
Table Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Laerdal Medical Corporation Infant Training Manikins Main Business and Markets Served
Table Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
Table Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Lifesaving Resources Inc. Infant Training Manikins Main Business and Markets Served
Table Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
Table Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Medical Education Technologies Inc. Infant Training Manikins Main Business and Markets Served
Table Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
Table Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table Simulaids Inc. Infant Training Manikins Main Business and Markets Served
Table The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Production Sites and Area Served
Table The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Product Introduction, Application and Specification
Table The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
Table The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate (2014-2019)
Table The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Production Market Share (2014-2019)
Figure The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Revenue Market Share (2014-2019)
Table The Aristotle Corp Infant Training Manikins Main Business and Markets Served
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Production (K Units) Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Revenue (Million USD) Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025
Figure Global Infant Training Manikins Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast 2019-2025
Figure North America Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure North America Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Europe Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure China Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure China Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Japan Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure Southeast Asia Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Figure India Infant Training Manikins Production Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (K Units)
Figure India Infant Training Manikins Revenue Growth Rate Forecast 2019-2025 (Million USD)
Table Global Production (K Units) of Infant Training Manikins by Type (2019-2025)
Table Global Consumption (K Units) of Infant Training Manikins by Application (2019-2025)
Table Infant Training Manikins Distributors List
Table Infant Training Manikins Customers List
Table Market Key Trends
Table Key Opportunities
Table Market Key Drivers
Table Key Challenges
Table Key Influence Factors
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources

---